2023 年裁員風暴席捲各大科技公司

包括 Amazon、Google 與 Microsoft 等許多科技大廠都開始精簡人力。

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嚴峻的經濟局勢與 COVID-19 疫情兩面夾殺,加上一些公司業務失策,導致了 2022 年科技業吹起冷冽的裁員風,然而 2023 年裁員人數很不幸還會更多。追蹤裁員狀況的持續發展不易,下面為大家整理各大科技公司的裁員概況,並會持續更新。

Amazon 裁員概況

MADRID, SPAIN - NOVEMBER 15: An Amazon logistics center, on November 15, 2022, in Madrid, Spain. U.S. e-commerce giant Amazon is considering job cuts among its corporate and technology workforce of up to 10,000 employees. The layoffs are equivalent to 0.65% of Amazon's total global workforce of 1.54 million employees. The employee layoffs are focused on the company's devices area, where the Alexa voice assistant business is included, as well as in the 'retail' and human resources branches. (Photo By Alejandro Martinez Velez/Europa Press via Getty Images)

Amazon 其實在去年秋季就啟動人事精簡計畫,但今年 1 月初又表示追加裁員至 18,000 個職位(多數是零售與人力資源部門)。毫不意外,該公司總裁 Andy Jassy 將此歸咎於「動盪的經濟局勢」以及近幾年人力擴張過快。儘管疫情期間大眾轉往網購,Amazon 因此賺進大把鈔票,但隨著人們回流實體店購物,Amazon 營收成長也開始放緩。

Coinbase 裁員概況

A representation of the cryptocurrency is seen in front of Coinbase logo in this illustration taken, March 4, 2022. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration
A representation of the cryptocurrency is seen in front of Coinbase logo in this illustration taken, March 4, 2022. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration

2022 年加密貨幣市場急凍,首當其衝的大型公司就包括 Coinbase,更糟的是新年度的情況依舊不樂觀。這家加密貨幣交易所在 1 月中旬裁掉 950 人,但幾個月前他們已裁掉 1,100 人。在各家大型科技公司中,Coinbase 的裁員比例最高,將近兩成的員工都被請回家。執行長 Brian Armstrong 指出不得不裁員以節省營運開支,好讓公司撐過他曾說的「加密貨幣寒冬」,但這也表示取消不太可能成功的一些項目。

Dell 裁員概況

ROUND ROCK, TEXAS - JANUARY 04: The exterior of a Dell Technologies office building is seen on January 04, 2023 in Round Rock, Texas. (Photo by Brandon Bell/Getty Images)
ROUND ROCK, TEXAS - JANUARY 04: The exterior of a Dell Technologies office building is seen on January 04, 2023 in Round Rock, Texas. (Photo by Brandon Bell/Getty Images)

疫後恢復期與嚴峻經濟情勢尤其不利 PC 製造商,受衝擊最大的非 Dell 莫屬。2022 年第四季電腦出貨量銳減 37%,迫使該公司在 2023 年 2 月初決定裁掉 5% 的人力,約 6,650 名員工。Dell 表示,由於過去降低成本的種種努力仍然不夠,必須將公司組織瘦身,力求儘速回到正軌。

Deliveroo 裁員概況

A delivery worker with a backpack of Deliveroo rides a bike in Nice, France, October 25, 2022.  REUTERS/Eric Gaillard
A delivery worker with a backpack of Deliveroo rides a bike in Nice, France, October 25, 2022. REUTERS/Eric Gaillard

COVID-19 疫情造成餐館空蕩蕩,餐飲外送平台逆勢成長,如今人潮又逐漸回到餐館,瓜分了餐飲外送平台的生意。Deliveroo 計劃砍掉 9% 人力,約 350 位員工。不過根據創辦人許子祥(Will Shu)的說法,經過重新安排後,裁員人數應該會接近 300 人。Deliveroo 的理由也耳熟能詳。許子祥表示,他們先前為了因應疫情帶來「前所未有」的成長,快速雇用過多人力,但隨著經濟情勢越發嚴峻,他們勢必節省成本。

DocuSign 裁員概況

San Francisco, California, USA - July 12, 2019: DocuSign headquarters building. DocuSign is an American company that helps organizations connect and automate how they prepare, sign, act on, and manage agreements.
San Francisco, California, USA - July 12, 2019: DocuSign headquarters building. DocuSign is an American company that helps organizations connect and automate how they prepare, sign, act on, and manage agreements.

曾在線上簽署文件的人絕對聽過 DocuSign,可惜這家公司面對嚴峻的經濟情勢也難以倖免。該公司表示,他們在 2 月中裁減 10% 的人力。雖然並未公布確切人數,但 DocuSign 在 2022 年初總共有 7,461 名員工。大多數遭到裁員的員工任職於 DocuSign 的全球在地營運部門。

GitLab 裁員概況

BRAZIL - 2022/02/05: In this photo illustration the GitLab logo seen displayed on a smartphone and on the background. (Photo Illustration by Rafael Henrique/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)
BRAZIL - 2022/02/05: In this photo illustration the GitLab logo seen displayed on a smartphone and on the background. (Photo Illustration by Rafael Henrique/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)

您或許沒聽過 GitLab 這間公司,不過該公司的 DevOps(開發與營運)平台是 NVIDIA 與 T-Mobile 等科技大廠仰賴的重要工具。不過由於客戶開始縮減業務,該公司的營收連帶受到影響。GitLab 已經裁掉 7% 人力,約 114 位員工。公司執行長 Sid Sijbrandij 表示由於經濟情勢低迷,客戶在投資軟體時「更趨保守」。GitLab 曾試圖重新檢討開支,但看來仍不足以應對挑戰。

GoDaddy 裁員概況

UKRAINE - 2021/11/22: In this photo illustration, the GoDaddy Inc. logo is seen on a smartphone and on the background. (Photo Illustration by Pavlo Gonchar/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)
UKRAINE - 2021/11/22: In this photo illustration, the GoDaddy Inc. logo is seen on a smartphone and on the background. (Photo Illustration by Pavlo Gonchar/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)

GoDaddy 在疫情初期就已經開始裁員,當時裁撤了超過 800 位任職於零售導向社交平台的員工。但是到了今年 2 月,裁員的幅度又進一步擴大。這間網路服務供應商又裁掉了 8% 的人力,超過 500 位員工,而且這次所有部門皆受波及。執行長 Aman Bhutani 聲稱其他形式的成本消減手段都無法幫助公司克服「不明朗」的經濟前景,這也反映在 GoDaddy 進一步整合 Main Street Hub 收購案等規劃。

Google(Alphabet)裁員概況

An exterior view of building BV100, during a tour of Google's new Bay View Campus in Mountain View, California, U.S. May 16, 2022. Picture taken May 16, 2022.   REUTERS/Peter DaSilva
An exterior view of building BV100, during a tour of Google's new Bay View Campus in Mountain View, California, U.S. May 16, 2022. Picture taken May 16, 2022. REUTERS/Peter DaSilva

Google 的母公司 Alphabet 花了好一段時間縮減成本,例如關停 Stadia 平台,但縮減成本的力道在 1 月底又更進一步,宣布將裁撤 12,000 位員工。總裁 Sundar Pichai 坦承:先前的經濟榮景不再,Alphabet 必須揣度形勢調整用人策略。這間網際網路巨擘經過人力重組後,必須專注於公司最重要的業務。這個決定對該公司的 Area 120 育成中心來說是個噩耗,許多在中心任職的員工被迫離職。一些子品牌,如機器人技術的 Intrinsic 與醫療照護的 Verily,在這波裁員浪潮來襲前也出現了大規模人力瘦身的狀況。Waymo 的兩次裁員流失了 209 位員工,即 8% 的人力。

IBM 裁員概況

The IBM logo is pictured in the Garibaldi-Porta Nuova modern district of Milan  on June 22, 2021. (Photo by MIGUEL MEDINA / AFP) (Photo by MIGUEL MEDINA/AFP via Getty Images)
The IBM logo is pictured in the Garibaldi-Porta Nuova modern district of Milan on June 22, 2021. (Photo by MIGUEL MEDINA / AFP) (Photo by MIGUEL MEDINA/AFP via Getty Images)

有時候,公司裁員不見得是因為財務困難,而是公司政策調整,IBM 在 2023 年的裁員措施就是一個經典範例。這間資訊科技先驅去年秋季賣掉 AI 導向的 Watson Health 業務和基礎架構管理部門 (現在的 Kyndryl),隨後又在 1 月下旬砍掉 3,900 個職位。簡單來說,隨著 IBM 轉向雲端運算業務發展,他們也得裁掉無法在這個領域有所貢獻的員工。

Microsoft 裁員概況

A person walks past Microsoft signage at the headquarters in Redmond, Washington, U.S., January 18, 2023. REUTERS/Matt Mills McKnight
A person walks past Microsoft signage at the headquarters in Redmond, Washington, U.S., January 18, 2023. REUTERS/Matt Mills McKnight

Microsoft 著手該公司史上第二大裁員行動,宣稱將在 1 月中到 3 月底將裁掉 10,000 個職位。和許多科技巨頭一樣,由於疫後恢復期間,消費者開始減少各種支出(特別是 Windows 與裝置),因此公司被迫削減成本,精簡人力。其中一些部門更是首當其衝,包括 HoloLens 與混合實境團隊。343 Industries 在損失近百名人力後,一般認為會重啟《Halo》遊戲開發。GitHub 裁掉團隊 10% 的人力,約 300 位員工。

PayPal 裁員概況

SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA - FEBRUARY 02: A sign is posted in front of PayPal headquarters on February 02, 2023 in San Jose, California. PayPal has announced plans to lay off 2,000 employees, nearly 7 percent of its workforce. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)
SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA - FEBRUARY 02: A sign is posted in front of PayPal headquarters on February 02, 2023 in San Jose, California. PayPal has announced plans to lay off 2,000 employees, nearly 7 percent of its workforce. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)

PayPal 向來是營運穩健的大型科技公司,去年第三季的表現更是超越眾人期待。即便如此,還是難擋嚴峻經濟情勢的衝擊。這間線上支付公司在 1 月底公布了裁員計畫,即將裁掉 2,000 位員工,約佔全公司人力的 7%。執行長 Dan Schulman 表示,人力縮編能維持整體財務健全,並讓 PayPal 得以專注在「優先核心策略」上。

Salesforce 裁員概況

SAN FRANCISCO, CA - DECEMBER 01: The Salesforce logo is seen at its headquarters on December 1, 2020 in San Francisco, California. The cloud-based enterprise software company announced on Tuesday that it will purchase the popular workplace-chat app Slack for $27.7 billion. (Photo by Stephen Lam/Getty Images)
SAN FRANCISCO, CA - DECEMBER 01: The Salesforce logo is seen at its headquarters on December 1, 2020 in San Francisco, California. The cloud-based enterprise software company announced on Tuesday that it will purchase the popular workplace-chat app Slack for $27.7 billion. (Photo by Stephen Lam/Getty Images)

Salesforce 在迎接新年的前四天,公開表示即將在 2023 年裁撤 8,000 名員工,佔全體員工的 10%。雖然這間雲端軟體公司在疫情期間營收暴增,但也承認在快速成長的過程中太過躁進,當經濟面開始疲軟時,無法繼續雇用這麼多員工。

SAP 裁員概況

The logo of German software group SAP is pictured at its headquarters in Walldorf, Germany, May 12, 2016. REUTERS/Ralph Orlowski
The logo of German software group SAP is pictured at its headquarters in Walldorf, Germany, May 12, 2016. REUTERS/Ralph Orlowski

商用軟體巨擘 SAP 在 2022 年底的營收整整下降 68%,為維持營運健全度,在 2023 開年就裁員 2,800 人。不過與其他科技大廠不同的是,SAP 並未將人力精簡歸咎於疫情期間雇用太多員工。SAP 稱人力精簡是為了「有目標的重建」,他們仍舊期待 2023 年的營收能夠加速成長。

Spotify 裁員概況

NEW YORK, NEW YORK - JANUARY 23: People are seen inside the Spotify headquarters building in Lower Manhattan on January 23, 2023 in New York City. Spotify announced Monday they will be cutting 6% of its global workforce. (Photo by Eduardo MunozAlvarez/VIEWpress via Getty Images)
NEW YORK, NEW YORK - JANUARY 23: People are seen inside the Spotify headquarters building in Lower Manhattan on January 23, 2023 in New York City. Spotify announced Monday they will be cutting 6% of its global workforce. (Photo by Eduardo MunozAlvarez/VIEWpress via Getty Images)

Spotify 這幾年將業務積極擴展到 podcast,積極投入大筆資金,但很快在 2023 開年就喊停。這間串流音樂服務公司在 1 月底表示將裁員 6%(在去年第三季,該公司的員工總數為 9,800 人),並且會進行組織重組,內容長 Dawn Ostroff 也將去職。雖然在 2022 年,該公司的 Premium 訂戶大幅成長,但也出現鉅額損失。總裁 Daniel Ek 表示他投資時「野心過大」,導致現有營收無法有效因應。

Twilio 裁員概況

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA - SEPTEMBER 17, 2018:  A passenger waiting to board his plane walks in front of a sign advertising Twilio at San Francisco International Airport in San Francisco, California. Twilio is a cloud communications platform based in San Francisco. (Photo by Robert Alexander/Getty Images)
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA - SEPTEMBER 17, 2018: A passenger waiting to board his plane walks in front of a sign advertising Twilio at San Francisco International Airport in San Francisco, California. Twilio is a cloud communications platform based in San Francisco. (Photo by Robert Alexander/Getty Images)

Twilio 在 2022 年 9 月削減超過 800 個職位,但在 2023 開年又裁掉更多職位。這家雲端通訊公司在 2 月中裁掉 17% 人力,將近 1,500 位員工。Twillio 與許多其他科技公司一樣,都表示過去降低成本的種種努力依然難擋嚴酷的局勢。此外,他們也認為裁員才能讓組織的運作更為順暢。

Wayfair 裁員概況

NATICK, MA - AUGUST 20: A virtual reality app is demonstrated at Wayfair's first store in the Natick Mall in Natick, MA on Aug. 20, 2019. Shoppers can don virtual reality headsets to see how furniture would fit into a space, using Wayfairs Room Planner tool. They can virtually climb onto a dining room table to get a 360-degree view of a digitally rendered room, then swap out chairs, chandeliers, and art on the virtual walls. Thats just one example of how the Boston-based e-commerce giant has used its digital DNA to create its first brick-and-mortar store. It opens Wednesday in the Natick Mall. Product information, including prices and customer ratings, is displayed on screens that update in real time to reflect online price changes. Staffers carry iPads with an augmented reality tool that makes furniture appear in a 3-D setting, or they can snap a picture of an item in the store and find dozens like it online. (Photo by Suzanne Kreiter/The Boston Globe via Getty Images)

Amazon 並不是唯一一間在 2023 年縮減人力的大型線上購物零售商。Wayfair 在 1 月下旬公開表示將裁掉 1,750 位團隊成員,佔全球員工總人數的 10%,裁員中約有 1,200 位是公司員工。這項措施的目的是為了「減少管理階層」,協助公司瘦身,變得更靈活。Wayfair 從 2022 年 8 月起採取了一連串降低成本的措施(包括裁撤 870 個職位),但仍希望透過裁員盡快達到收支平衡。

Yahoo 裁員概況

CHINA - 2022/05/12: In this photo illustration, a Yahoo logo is displayed on the screen of a smartphone. (Photo Illustration by Sheldon Cooper/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)
CHINA - 2022/05/12: In this photo illustration, a Yahoo logo is displayed on the screen of a smartphone. (Photo Illustration by Sheldon Cooper/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)

Engadget 的母公司 Yahoo 也難逃裁員的命運。這個網際網路品牌在 2 月表示,2023 年將要裁員 20%,超過 1,600 名員工,第一批裁員影響約 1,000 名員工。總裁 Jim Lanzone 未將裁員決定歸責於經濟情勢。他表示這項措施是為了重組廣告技術事業部,消減不成功的業務,著力於盈利能力強的業務。事實上,Yahoo 已經不打算在廣告市場繼續與 Google 和 Meta 正面對決。

Zoom 裁員概況

May 6, 2020 San Jose / CA / USA - Zoom headquarters in Silicon Valley; Zoom Video Communications is a company that provides remote conferencing services using cloud computing
May 6, 2020 San Jose / CA / USA - Zoom headquarters in Silicon Valley; Zoom Video Communications is a company that provides remote conferencing services using cloud computing

疫情高峰期,Zoom 成了遠端工作中不可或缺的一環,隨著人們逐漸返回辦公室,該公司的營收自然會衰退。這間視訊會議公司在 2 月份宣布將裁掉 15%,約 1,300 位員工。總裁袁征(Eric Yuan)表示由於過去業務爆量成長,因此在雇用員工時並未考慮到公司永續經營的角度。據說裁員是為了讓公司能在艱困的經濟狀況下存活下來。除了裁員外,管理團隊也把大刀砍向自己。袁征將自己下一個財政年度的薪資砍掉 98%,其他管理階層的底薪與 2023 會計年度獎金也將減去 20%。